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[lastpost] => 2749335 分析师:美联储 9 月降息的前提是后续报告不会太差 1752587224 比推快讯
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为什么 L2、 Rollup 很重要?
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原文作者:DinoEggs.eth,由 DeFi 之道翻译编辑。 第 1 层。第 2 层。侧链。Rollup。 Web3 充满了行话,所以让我们首先设置舞台并提供一种简单的方式来思考这个领域。 如果你浏览过加密推特,你可能听说过人们提到第 1 层 (L1),如比特币/以太坊和第 2 层 (L2),如 Arbitrum/Optimism。如果你仔细听过,你可能听说过人们提到像 Polygon PoS 这样的侧链和像 StarkNet 这样的 Rollup。如果您深入这个兔子洞,您可能知道还有许多其他类型。 但是,对于本文,我们将忽略所有这些。 相反,我们将简单地将每个解决方案视为一个区块链。L2 和 Rollup 在技术上是否是区块链是一个深奥的话题,有待商榷,但以这种方式思考它们是有用的。 评估区块链现在我们有一堆区块链——哪些是最好的? 每个区块链都可以根据不同的属性进行评估。根据以下主要特点: 让我们通过非技术性的最终用户视角来解开它们。 性能指的是带宽和吞吐量——区块链一次可以处理多少事务以及处理它们的速度。这类似于高速公路有多少车道(带宽)和限速(吞吐量)。就最终用户而言,性能是应用程序运行的速度——无论该应用程序是向某人汇款、用一种资产换另一种资产,还是在 Web3 Twitter 上发布推文。 成本非常简单——最终用户必须支付多少区块链费用才能使用该应用程序。 性能和成本很容易谈论并成为所有头条新闻。 “新 L1 融资 10 亿美元,TPS 10 亿,零手续费!” 反过来,许多进入 Web3 领域的人对这两个属性的重视程度不成比例。有时人们只考虑两者之一 - 只是将一个区块链视为便宜而另一个视为昂贵。公平地说,这是我们大多数人习惯于评估技术产品的方式,但对于区块链来说,还有更多评估方式。 另外两个属性是安全性和去中心化。 安全性可能会令人困惑,因为人们用它来表示所有不同的事物,而且您通常会看到区块链专家在互相交谈时讨论它。在这个 Twitter 帖子中,Polynya 很好地将安全性分解为三个组件。两个很难构建: 经济安全:在权益证明(PoS)区块链中,如果用户拥有大部分“质押”代币,他们将获得对网络的有意义的控制权。由于该系统依赖于产生价值的代币(代币越贵,购买它们中的大部分就越难),因此区块链拥有健全的货币政策并随着时间的推移建立其货币的可信度非常重要。 协议稳定性:协议在软件中实现,软件存在错误风险。在软件开发中,有一些最佳实践可以最大限度地减少错误,例如保持软件简单(更少的代码行意味着更少的错误空间)和保持升级过程保守(更多的测试时间)。区块链环境中的示例包括协议决定不为链上治理添加功能,并且随着锁定总价值 (TVL) 的增长需要更长的时间来升级。
去中心化引起了激烈的争论,就像安全一样,它可能意味着很多事情。 Balaji 写了一篇关于该主题的综合文章 |
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