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盘点 DAO 的 15 种类型：如何重塑世界？
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世界上的各种组织因为 DAO 的兴起而开始发生转变。 原文标题：《DAO 重塑世界的 15 种方式》 撰文：Aragon 编译：redhat 除非你曾试图驾驭金融监管、设立工资单或建立慈善机构，否则很难理解去中心化自治组织（DAO）是多么具有革命性。前者涉及招募受托人、选择组织结构、编写管理文件，以及获得国家慈善委员会的批准，并提供证明文件和收入证明，这可能需要耗费数年时间。相比之下，一个健康运作的 Aragon DAO 具有透明的财政，民主的决策，作为一个自主的数字管辖区，它可以在 5 分钟内为项目提供资金。DAO 不像慈善机构那样由政府补贴，但后者获得的补贴收益远远不及消耗的时间成本和管理成本。一旦社会了解到 DAO 这种方式进行自组织是如此容易，我们将看到 DAO 会发生寒武纪生物大爆炸般的巨变，如同互联网对通信方式的变革一样。 DAO 最早出现于 2016 年，开局不顺，当时 Slock.it 在以太坊上推出了「TheDAO」，用于协调对 TheDAO 代币库的投资和治理。在为期 4 周的销售结束时，共存入价值 1.5 亿 美元的 ETH，有 12 亿 个代币（单价 0.01 ETH）被分发。事后来看，这对稚嫩的 DAO 来说是一个难以承受的重量。Solidity（TheDAO 智能合约所使用的语言）只有几个月的历史，缺乏实施部署所需的文件和充分测试。2016 年 6 月 17 日，攻击者使用递归调用来执行「重入漏洞」，并抽走了 30% 的国库资金。事后，以太坊社区决定从黑客攻击之前的区块高度 1,920,000 硬分叉以太坊，并从经验中汲取教训。 也就是说，DAO 在采用曲线上仍然处于非常早期的位置——相当于互联网时间线上的 56k 拨号调制解调器。这不仅仅是因为加密货币对大众而言有多么陌生，也不仅仅是因为选择 DAO 框架的复杂性，而是很大程度在法律上的不确定性。目前，怀俄明州等司法管辖区确实允许 DAO 注册为有限责任公司，但创始人如果向未经认可的投资者推广代币，仍有可能受到证券法的惩罚。但从理论上讲，任何成功地将所有控制权下放给代币持有人的 DAO 都将拥有与比特币或以太坊相同的地位：由于缺乏任何一个人或公司的实质性控制，目前没有被美国证券交易委员会算作证券。除了开发者在应对金融当局方面的这种（可以理解的）犹豫不决之外，在交易可以完全集体执行并自信地超越证券法的范围之前，DAO 还有重大的技术障碍需要克服。 尽管有这些不确定性，DAO 仍然以令人难以置信的速度发展。这篇文章只能涵盖现有项目的一小部分，而每天都在建立的新的 DAO 用例更是层出不穷。Aragon 一开始只是一个提高治理迭代率的梦想，我们今天可以清楚地看见它正在被逐步实现。 开发者集体开发人员通过 Github 等工具接受了远程协作的教育，他们是建设 Web3 基础设施的最关键资源，因此，DAO 的发起人员都是一开始的开发人员，这并不奇怪。 BadgerDAO
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