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天朝最早的官方彩票发行于1910年(图)
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http://i0.sinaimg.cn/ty/l/2010-09-18/U3747P6T12D5207681F44DT20100918155548.jpg
$ U, d' _! Z2 ?+ y- t0 J- a, whttp://i0.sinaimg.cn/home/c.gif
# ~8 r4 v; v- N/ W3 O这张由张之洞创办的彩票发行于1910年，极具收藏价值 4 D; I, u6 G7 C6 ^9 A5 g+ n7 B4 b, p
' i$ O. H, {! e! L- H4 U- u% c7 ~6 U2 l' ~4 v, h
近日，一张在天朝以ZF的名义最早发行、发行时间最长的彩票现身武汉藏家姜小平手中。& x; k' ~+ |( }$ @* S' w
记者看到，这张宣统二年(1910年)年发行的“奏办湖北签捐彩票”，长宽分别为210毫米、75毫米，内框为168毫米、65毫米，竖式设计。彩票上部图案为武备学堂，中下部以清朝常见的蛟龙出海戏珠图案为框，框内安排了彩票名称、彩票号码、每条售价等，以及英文的对照说明。
: Q8 o; `: r! U7 |4 O* z 在彩票背面，印有奏办湖北签捐彩票中彩银数开列表，其中写明：头彩一张，最高五万银元。在彩票下角和票边，盖有当时发行的官印。
8 t6 V& ?* r3 p& x6 m, L 据藏家姜小平介绍，1901年丧权辱国的《辛丑条约》签订后，为筹集清ZF每年分摊给湖北的庚子赔款120万两白银，以及对付当时湖北高达90余万两的财政赤字，湖广总督张之洞上奏清ZF批准，在汉口创办了彩票。# z' [" u$ |0 ]0 X% e5 B3 ?* R
史料记载，百年前的华中重镇汉口，“每一条大街，长不过二百码，而彩票店铺竟有四五家之多”，“街上行人走卒，立谈偶语者，皆买彩票之事也”。而当时，湖北省彩票收入除了筹还庚子赔款外，全省财政支出一半是靠彩票利润维持。
2 e/ l( M6 T9 M6 y 从光绪27年(1901年)至宣统3年(1911年)这11年间，这种彩票共发行近120次。彩票采用一张十联条，每张6元，每次发行约5万张。扣除成本及返还部分，实际收取彩票捐720万银元。$ z/ k- \( v w7 [$ C! b2 w2 u
天朝最早出现的彩票是1882年发行的“吕宋票”，这种彩票在菲律宾马尼拉发行后，由外国人带到上海销售。这种“吕宋票”一张售价为5角银元，头等奖奖金为3万银元。5 y, ]' x+ \& ~6 a
据专家考证，我国第一张由ZF发行的彩票，就是张之洞创办“奏办湖北签捐彩票”。此后，浙、皖、鲁、豫、湘、甘、粤等省相继发行彩票。, O1 _$ m2 M: A0 E2 x) \* k, k/ R
姜小平介绍，这张彩票是他花了数千元从南方买来的。现在，彩票收藏群体日益养大，收藏精品确实是一件不容易的事。像这样收藏价值与历史价值兼具的彩票，是众多彩票收藏者眼中的宝贝。 |
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