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[虚拟币交流]
以太坊 2026 年转型：为什么基于证明的验证对节点至关重要（转）
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2月11日，以太坊（ETH）开发者和研究人员将齐聚一堂，参加首届L1-zkEVM研讨会。此次活动或将预示着未来以太坊区块验证将变得更快、更轻量、更便捷。
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; y: j7 \. {' o路线图：L1-zkEVM 和 EIP-8025
, S# D! [$ p7 f这项计划属于以太坊 2026 年 L1-zkEVM 路线图的一部分。其核心特性 EIP-8025（也称为可选执行证明）引入了一种新的验证途径。. I2 G8 G" j. g! U _. m
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与其要求每个验证者重新运行（或“重新执行”）区块内的所有交易，系统将允许被称为 zkAttester 的专门参与者使用零知识 (ZK) 证明来验证区块。
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3 O- v/ S/ d9 Q重要的是，此次升级是可选的。未进行升级的节点将继续按现有方式运行。1 v# S8 f- m! W: u
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这为什么重要？0 O' p+ S, R+ ^5 i# ]
现在，以太坊为了确认交易的正确性，验证者必须重新执行每个区块中的每笔交易。随着网络活动的增长，这将变得非常消耗资源。+ r; L" t$ h! {- d: B
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零知识证明改变了这种局面。验证者无需重复所有计算，只需检查一个加密证明即可确认区块的有效性。验证速度显著提升，硬件资源占用也大幅降低。
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# C4 h6 \3 l# R, C( b4 e7 |更低的存储、带宽和计算需求，使得在消费级笔记本电脑上运行完全验证节点再次成为可能。% N. h3 R" U2 V3 V8 v
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如果参与成本降低、参与门槛降低，即使 gas 限制和产量增加，个人质押者和家庭验证者也能保持竞争力。( U' ~- W9 _1 f$ P' Z( G5 S
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安全、架构和全局
' a" v! Z2 Z% ~, S) p根据 EIP-8025，区块只有在多个独立证明（目前提议为五个证明中至少三个）得到验证后才会被接受。这既保证了客户端的多样性，又降低了对单一实现的依赖。
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声明内容如下：
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- ~, s2 A/ L, o$ `这项工作分为六个子主题：执行见证和客户程序标准化、zkVM-guest API 标准化、CL 集成、证明器基础设施、基准测试和指标以及使用形式化验证的安全性。
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5 Q* x2 Y. Q7 z; A' u( `除了 L1 层之外，此举还有助于规范执行见证人和 zkVM 接口。这将使已经致力于以太坊区块证明的 Rollup 和证明基础设施提供商受益。7 P2 W# ^7 {0 f! ~) X& B" U6 m
7 i( n( K$ i- m, ^/ t最后想说的话
" H- T& B X, D" |/ D( _; F9 eEIP-8025 可以让以太坊区块验证速度更快、重量更轻，从而能够再次在笔记本电脑上运行。
6 j3 E2 v9 L, F( P% Q2 O9 q2 a8 f以太坊将在扩展其基础层的同时，有效提升安全性。: V r$ u' h- Z2 f& O, V
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当前离线
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技术升级看着挺厉害的，到时候运行节点是不是更省心了 |
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当前离线
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这波升级真香，节点压力小了，验证也更高效了，感觉以后跑全节点轻松不少 |
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