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[虚拟币资讯]
6月1日正式开始 一文读懂美联储”缩表”概念和对币圈有何影响
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根据美联储5月会议公布的计划，”缩表”将于6月1日正式开始，这次“缩表”的节奏是上一轮的两倍，其影响不可忽视。
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6 t/ j" a$ v" c+ X“缩表”是什么？ . |4 k* K8 ~$ o* J8 I) J" x
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“缩表”指的是美联储资产负债表绝对规模减少。进入“缩表”阶段，美联储资产负债表规模将开始下降，在资产端对应的是国债和MBS的持有量下降，在负债端对应的是储备金和逆回购的减少。
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3 y0 p2 J0 T L8 t9 D9 ]6 L缩表即资产负债表缩小，收缩资产负债表，简称缩表。缩表的时候不需要注明是负债缩小还是资产缩小，资产负债表是同增同减的。只需要注明是扩表还是缩表即可。 % Z/ N% j2 S9 A. T) b4 }8 i# S
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举个例子，银行开张，客户来存钱，存现金一万，银行给客户开具一张一万额度的支票，凭支票即兑一万现金。此时，银行保险库里多了一万现金，这就是银行的资产，而开具出的支票就是银行对客户的负债。资产负债表是同时增加的。 4 [# X+ y9 k U: l8 E$ Q
8 H1 I. B1 b0 g5 `4 z/ i7 B如果有人要说怎么缩减的问题，最简单的办法就是，卖！能变现尽量变现。把企业的各类资产尽量卖掉、全部变现，你资产负债表上的项目也就变少了。卖到最后，企业账面上就只剩下现金了。其他各类资产的统计基本归零了，那么就是缩减了资产负债表。所以，缩表缩表，缩的就是资产负债表。缩表的过程，其实就是变卖各类资产的过程，或者减少各类资产购买的过程。 $ A& h/ ~& s0 Y# r: M3 U
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美联储缩表的本质：减少各类资产的购入，从而稳定美联储现金流的过程，或者把它各类资产卖掉、从变现增加其现金流的过程。
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1 `; C0 c* o# \$ X+ u缩表对币圈有何影响
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上轮缩表给金融市场带来的短期波动有限。美股延续整体震荡向上的趋势；美债收益率维持高位，期间受到国际贸易摩擦等事件的影响，走势出现波折；美元指数跟随美债收益率高位震荡，但并无大涨行情出现。
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然而，当前的经济金融环境与上次缩表大有不同。首先，通胀的上行风险更大。上轮QT期间，美国通胀增速在2％的目标水平附近徘徊，美联储抗击通胀的压力相对较小。美国2月通胀增速已高达7.9％，且俄乌冲突导致通胀前景加剧恶化。鲍威尔也承认，通胀上升幅度比预期更大且更持久。
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此外，美债的利率环境与上次出现了明显差异。在通胀率持续飙升以及紧缩预期不断强化的提振下，不同期限美债收益率出现了不同程度的上行，美债收益率曲线平淡化趋势强化，多个部分出现倒挂。市场对经济衰退的担忧此起彼伏，在次情况下，美国本轮紧缩周期估计会较上一轮明显缩短。
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/ F4 N6 o& Z% J2 a# s缩表或将推动美债长端利率进一步上行，使得国际资本回流美国。 9 I, H% G+ G# K# |0 r* b* ^
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写在最后 8 T0 Q: u$ z# D8 F0 [: @
# ~* w3 M! s1 ~' L" v3 @将于6月1日开始以每月475亿美元的步伐缩表，并在三个月内逐步提高缩表上限至每月950亿美元。市场上大量美元将流出股市、加密货币、NFT和元宇宙。 # U2 v1 w9 N" T" @, q9 b
# K8 L# {6 M* q5 k- b* K" P" w钱就像水一样，装在不同的池子里面，股池，房池，七七八八的池子，现在又多了一个币池。加息的情况就是希望水都流进政府的池子里。那其它池子里面的水就变少了，自己市场里水池的水变少了，投资总额就少了。那股市怎么走，币市怎么走，心中有答案了吧！
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% t9 a {7 G) R- ~( f来源：金色财经 |
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