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可验证的随机数可以用来打造刺激的游戏体验,铸造罕见的 NFT,并保障公平的结果。 原文标题:《Verifiable Random Function (VRF)》 撰文:Chainlink 在密码学中,可验证随机函数(VRF)是一种随机数生成器(RNG),可以通过加密手段来验证随机性。可验证的随机数对许多区块链应用来说都是不可或缺的要素,因为这类随机数具有防篡改性和不可预测性,可以用来打造刺激的游戏体验,铸造罕见的 NFT,并保障公平的结果。 本文将讨论什么是可验证随机函数,研究随机数在区块链上的应用,以及智能合约开发者如何利用 Chainlink 可验证随机函数(VRF)在 dApp 中获得安全的随机数来源。 什么是可验证随机函数(VRF)?可验证随机函数是一种加密函数,基于数据输入生成伪随机数并附上一份证明,任何人都可以对其进行验证。 VRF 的数据输入通常包含一对公钥和私钥(也称为「verification key」和「secret key」)以及一个 seed。公钥和私钥是生成的,而 seed 则是选择的。将这些数值一起输入 VRF,用私钥和 seed 来生成随机数。然后,VRF 会生成一个随机数以及一份证明。最关键的一步是生成证明,因为用户可以通过证明来验证函数。而将私钥保密则可以确保随机数无法被预测。 可验证随机函数的关键特质都写在了它的名字里: |
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