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[虚拟币交流]
以太坊 2026 年转型：为什么基于证明的验证对节点至关重要（转）
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2月11日，以太坊（ETH）开发者和研究人员将齐聚一堂，参加首届L1-zkEVM研讨会。此次活动或将预示着未来以太坊区块验证将变得更快、更轻量、更便捷。
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. y7 z! o+ {( O z7 D4 x路线图：L1-zkEVM 和 EIP-8025
2 n9 D2 ~) l: J% c, C这项计划属于以太坊 2026 年 L1-zkEVM 路线图的一部分。其核心特性 EIP-8025（也称为可选执行证明）引入了一种新的验证途径。! s) w, @6 c/ n
. f$ ~9 k6 h( C1 t; O9 x+ n与其要求每个验证者重新运行（或“重新执行”）区块内的所有交易，系统将允许被称为 zkAttester 的专门参与者使用零知识 (ZK) 证明来验证区块。
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重要的是，此次升级是可选的。未进行升级的节点将继续按现有方式运行。% a- W1 t( g" _
; m6 Q& F- c- }" M9 E/ ]% |9 n这为什么重要？: C- t F0 T$ W! g) J
现在，以太坊为了确认交易的正确性，验证者必须重新执行每个区块中的每笔交易。随着网络活动的增长，这将变得非常消耗资源。" E- y2 v6 b1 C# K
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零知识证明改变了这种局面。验证者无需重复所有计算，只需检查一个加密证明即可确认区块的有效性。验证速度显著提升，硬件资源占用也大幅降低。+ ?2 G0 I z9 p8 b0 i
% y i/ r* u4 [( J7 _0 {: P; k更低的存储、带宽和计算需求，使得在消费级笔记本电脑上运行完全验证节点再次成为可能。5 n% L0 @ g5 {( T* e/ J% S2 m
: o2 o; Q7 |+ p* L A+ o如果参与成本降低、参与门槛降低，即使 gas 限制和产量增加，个人质押者和家庭验证者也能保持竞争力。
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, ?: t( m1 |% M/ l5 ?$ N" @# N安全、架构和全局, B- t' ]# k- c, {$ z
根据 EIP-8025，区块只有在多个独立证明（目前提议为五个证明中至少三个）得到验证后才会被接受。这既保证了客户端的多样性，又降低了对单一实现的依赖。
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声明内容如下：% N$ w- q; S% L) @& j+ V& x2 P
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这项工作分为六个子主题：执行见证和客户程序标准化、zkVM-guest API 标准化、CL 集成、证明器基础设施、基准测试和指标以及使用形式化验证的安全性。
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除了 L1 层之外，此举还有助于规范执行见证人和 zkVM 接口。这将使已经致力于以太坊区块证明的 Rollup 和证明基础设施提供商受益。$ \% Z/ S5 w" L3 {/ L- `
6 [) `+ H/ G/ R- I z/ h# P8 h) ^最后想说的话+ P2 f( g2 w: N
EIP-8025 可以让以太坊区块验证速度更快、重量更轻，从而能够再次在笔记本电脑上运行。
- n$ S3 k$ n" x- B) z以太坊将在扩展其基础层的同时，有效提升安全性。0 _$ r! P. W5 R, }! t
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这波升级要是成了，矿工节点怕是要卷出新高度啊，坐等看谁先吃上螃蟹。 |
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" ?9 c. b0 `; E) K, K& L
可能也就是个完善吧，真的那么重要吗 |
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确实，技术升级能让验证更高效，但节点选择升级的节奏还是得看自身情况， |
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这升级看着挺牛，以后验证快多了，节点压力小了，这种普通用户也能更安心冲了 |
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